Suede couches, with their luxurious feel and sophisticated look, are a popular choice for living rooms. However, that beautiful nap can be a magnet for dirt, spills, and everyday grime. The question many homeowners face is: can you toss that suede couch cover into the washing machine and call it a day? The answer, unfortunately, is a bit more complicated than a simple “yes” or “no.” Understanding the intricacies of suede, its care requirements, and the potential risks involved is crucial before you even think about pressing that “start” button on your washing machine. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from identifying your suede to alternative cleaning methods.
Understanding Suede: The Key to Successful Cleaning
First and foremost, it’s vital to understand what kind of suede you’re dealing with. Not all suede is created equal, and this difference significantly impacts cleaning methods.
Real Suede vs. Faux Suede (Microsuede)
Real suede is made from the underside of animal hides, typically lamb, goat, or deer. This material is known for its soft, napped finish but is also porous and highly susceptible to water damage, staining, and shrinking. Cleaning real suede improperly can lead to irreversible damage, ruining the texture and appearance of your couch.
Faux suede, often called microsuede or Ultrasuede, is a synthetic fabric made from tightly woven polyester fibers. This material is designed to mimic the look and feel of real suede but is significantly more durable and easier to clean. Microsuede is generally more resistant to water and stains and is less likely to shrink or fade.
The key difference lies in the fiber composition. Real suede’s natural fibers react differently to water and cleaning agents compared to the synthetic fibers of microsuede. Before you even consider machine washing, identify which type of suede covers your couch.
Checking the Cleaning Code
The most reliable way to determine the proper cleaning method is to check the furniture’s cleaning code. This code is usually found on a tag attached to the couch, often under the cushions or on the back. Common cleaning codes include:
- W: This indicates that you can use water-based cleaners.
- S: This means you should only use solvent-based cleaners (dry cleaning only).
- WS: This indicates that you can use either water-based or solvent-based cleaners.
- X: This means professional cleaning only. Vacuuming and light brushing are the only recommended cleaning methods.
If your couch has an “S” or “X” cleaning code, do NOT attempt to wash it in the washing machine. Doing so could permanently damage the fabric.
The Perilous Path: Why Machine Washing Real Suede is Risky
Attempting to machine wash real suede is generally a bad idea. The potential consequences far outweigh any perceived convenience.
Water Damage and Shrinkage
Real suede is highly absorbent. Exposing it to excessive water can cause the fibers to swell, leading to shrinkage and a stiff, uneven texture. Once suede shrinks, it’s often impossible to restore it to its original size and shape.
Staining and Discoloration
Water can also cause existing stains to spread and become more pronounced. Additionally, the dyes in the suede may bleed, leading to discoloration and an uneven appearance.
Damage to the Nap
The washing machine’s agitation can damage the delicate nap of the suede, causing it to become matted, flattened, or even torn. This can significantly alter the look and feel of the fabric, making it appear worn and unattractive.
In short, washing real suede in a washing machine is a recipe for disaster. Unless you’re prepared to replace your couch covers, it’s best to avoid this method altogether.
When (and How) You Might Get Away With Machine Washing Faux Suede
If your couch is covered in microsuede (faux suede) and the cleaning code allows for water-based cleaning (W or WS), you might be able to machine wash the covers. However, proceed with caution and follow these steps carefully:
Pre-Treatment is Key
Before tossing anything into the washing machine, pretreat any visible stains. Use a mild, water-based stain remover specifically designed for delicate fabrics. Test the stain remover on an inconspicuous area of the cover first to ensure it doesn’t cause discoloration. Blot the stain gently, working from the outside in, and avoid rubbing, which can spread the stain or damage the fabric.
Gentle Cycle is Non-Negotiable
Use the gentlest cycle available on your washing machine. This will minimize agitation and reduce the risk of damaging the fabric. Choose cold water, as hot water can cause shrinkage and fading, even with synthetic fabrics.
Mild Detergent Only
Use a small amount of mild, fragrance-free laundry detergent. Avoid using harsh chemicals, bleach, or fabric softeners, as these can damage the fibers and alter the color of the suede. A detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics is ideal.
Inside Out is Your Friend
Turn the couch covers inside out before placing them in the washing machine. This will help protect the outer surface of the fabric from excessive abrasion and prevent fading.
Avoid Overloading the Machine
Wash the couch covers in small batches to avoid overcrowding the washing machine. Overloading can prevent the covers from being cleaned properly and can also put excessive stress on the washing machine.
Gentle Drying is Crucial
The drying process is just as important as the washing process. Avoid putting the couch covers in the dryer, as the high heat can cause shrinkage and damage. Instead, hang them to air dry in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight.
Consider partially drying the covers in the dryer on a very low heat setting for a short period of time to soften them up, but remove them while they are still slightly damp and allow them to finish air drying. This helps prevent stiffness.
Re-Fluff and Reinstall
Once the covers are completely dry, use a soft-bristled brush to gently fluff the nap of the fabric. This will help restore its original texture and appearance. Reinstall the covers on your couch carefully, making sure they fit properly.
Alternative Cleaning Methods for Suede Couches
If you’re hesitant to machine wash your suede couch covers (and you probably should be, especially if it’s real suede), there are several alternative cleaning methods you can try. These methods are generally safer and less likely to cause damage.
Vacuuming
Regular vacuuming is essential for maintaining a suede couch. Use a soft brush attachment to remove loose dirt, dust, and debris. Vacuum the entire couch, including the cushions, crevices, and back. This will prevent dirt from becoming embedded in the fabric and make it easier to spot-clean spills and stains.
Spot Cleaning
For minor spills and stains, spot cleaning is often sufficient. Act quickly to blot up the spill with a clean, dry cloth. Avoid rubbing, as this can spread the stain. For water-based stains, you can use a slightly damp cloth to blot the area. For oil-based stains, try using a dry cleaning solvent specifically designed for suede. Always test any cleaning solution on an inconspicuous area of the couch first to ensure it doesn’t cause discoloration.
Steaming
Steaming can help refresh the fabric and remove minor stains. Use a handheld steamer and hold it a few inches away from the surface of the couch. Move the steamer slowly and evenly across the fabric. After steaming, blot the couch with a clean, dry cloth to remove any excess moisture. Be careful not to over-saturate the fabric, as this can lead to water damage.
Professional Cleaning
For stubborn stains or heavily soiled couches, professional cleaning is the best option. Professional cleaners have the expertise and equipment to safely and effectively clean suede furniture. They can also apply protective treatments to help prevent future stains. Look for a cleaner who specializes in suede and leather cleaning.
Protecting Your Suede Couch: Prevention is Key
The best way to keep your suede couch looking its best is to prevent stains and damage in the first place.
Fabric Protection Sprays
Apply a fabric protection spray specifically designed for suede. These sprays create a barrier that repels liquids and helps prevent stains from setting in. Reapply the spray every few months, or as directed by the manufacturer.
Avoid Eating and Drinking on the Couch
This might seem obvious, but avoiding eating and drinking on the couch is the easiest way to prevent spills and stains. If you must eat or drink on the couch, use a tray or coaster to protect the fabric.
Regular Maintenance
Vacuum your suede couch regularly to remove loose dirt and debris. Spot-clean spills and stains immediately. Consider using protective covers or throws to protect the fabric from everyday wear and tear.
Making the Right Choice: To Wash or Not to Wash?
Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to wash your suede couch covers in the washing machine depends on several factors, including the type of suede, the cleaning code, and your comfort level. If you’re unsure about any of these factors, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and consult with a professional cleaner.
Remember, real suede is delicate and prone to damage, while microsuede is more durable and easier to clean. If your couch is covered in real suede, avoid machine washing altogether. If it’s microsuede and the cleaning code allows for water-based cleaning, you might be able to wash the covers, but proceed with caution and follow the steps outlined in this guide carefully.
By understanding the properties of suede and following these cleaning tips, you can keep your suede couch looking its best for years to come. Sometimes, the most effective cleaning is the one you don’t do, opting instead for gentler, more targeted methods.
What is the most important thing to do before cleaning any suede couch?
The absolute most crucial step is to identify the cleaning code on your suede couch. This code, usually found on a tag attached to the furniture, indicates the manufacturer’s recommended cleaning method. Common codes include “W” (water-based cleaners), “S” (solvent-based cleaners), “WS” (water or solvent-based cleaners), and “X” (professional cleaning only). Using the wrong cleaning method based on this code can lead to irreversible damage, staining, and discoloration.
Ignoring the cleaning code is essentially gambling with your couch. Pretreating a hidden area of the couch is always a good idea regardless of the cleaning code. Apply a small amount of the chosen cleaning solution to an inconspicuous spot, such as the back or underside, and observe the results. If there’s any adverse reaction like color fading or fabric damage, immediately discontinue use and seek professional help.
What basic cleaning supplies should I have on hand for cleaning a suede couch?
A well-equipped cleaning arsenal is key to tackling suede effectively. Essential items include a soft-bristled brush (like a suede brush or toothbrush), a vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment, clean microfiber cloths, a white eraser (for dry stains), and distilled water in a spray bottle. Avoid using colored cloths as the dye may transfer to the suede.
Depending on your couch’s cleaning code, you might also need solvent-based cleaners (for “S” coded couches) or mild dish soap (for “W” coded couches). Always test these products in a hidden area first. For dry stains, a pencil eraser (the white kind) can often lift the stain gently without damaging the fabric. Remember to always blot, never rub, to avoid spreading the stain or damaging the suede fibers.
How do I clean up a fresh spill on my suede couch?
Acting quickly is paramount when dealing with fresh spills. Immediately blot the spill with a clean, dry microfiber cloth. Apply gentle pressure and avoid rubbing, as rubbing can spread the stain and push it deeper into the suede fibers. Continue blotting until no more liquid is absorbed into the cloth.
Once the excess liquid is removed, assess the stain. For water-based spills on a “W” coded couch, you might lightly dampen the area with distilled water and blot again. For oil-based spills on an “S” coded couch, use a solvent-based cleaner designed for suede according to the product instructions, spot-treating and blotting carefully. Speed is essential to minimize the stain setting into the material.
How do I remove dry stains from my suede couch?
Dry stains often require a different approach than wet spills. The first step is to gently loosen any dried debris with a soft-bristled brush. Brush in the direction of the suede nap to avoid damaging the fibers. A vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment can also be used to remove loose particles.
For stubborn dry stains, try using a white eraser (like the kind used for art). Gently rub the eraser over the stain, applying light pressure. This can help lift the stain without damaging the suede. Follow up by brushing the area again to restore the nap. If the stain persists, consider consulting a professional cleaner.
Can I use steam cleaners or water extraction machines on a suede couch?
The use of steam cleaners and water extraction machines on suede couches is generally discouraged unless explicitly recommended by the manufacturer on the cleaning code tag. The heat and moisture can damage the delicate suede fibers, causing them to stiffen, shrink, or discolor. Over-saturation can also lead to mold growth within the cushions.
Even if your couch has a “W” or “WS” cleaning code, it’s still best to exercise extreme caution when using water. Too much water can leave watermarks or cause the suede to harden. If you choose to use a water-based cleaner, apply it sparingly with a spray bottle and blot immediately with a clean cloth. Allow the couch to air dry completely, away from direct sunlight or heat sources. Re-fluff the suede with a brush after it dries.
How can I prevent future stains on my suede couch?
Prevention is always better than cure. Applying a suede protector spray can help create a barrier against spills and stains. Choose a protector specifically designed for suede and follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. Reapply the protector every few months, or as recommended on the product label.
Regular vacuuming is another key preventive measure. Vacuum your suede couch weekly with a brush attachment to remove dust, dirt, and debris that can accumulate and contribute to staining. Consider using throws or blankets on frequently used areas to protect the suede from spills and wear and tear. Addressing spills immediately, as discussed before, is also a key preventative step.
When should I consider calling a professional suede couch cleaner?
Certain situations warrant professional intervention. If your couch has an “X” cleaning code, it explicitly requires professional cleaning only. Also, if you’ve attempted to clean a stain yourself and it has worsened, or if you’re dealing with a large or particularly stubborn stain, it’s best to consult a professional.
Furthermore, if you’re unsure about the cleaning code or uncomfortable with DIY cleaning methods, a professional can ensure the job is done safely and effectively. Professional cleaners have specialized equipment and knowledge to handle delicate suede fabrics and can often remove stains that DIY methods can’t. They can also provide advice on maintaining your couch’s appearance.